[20], The American sheet music publishing industry produced a great deal of ragtime music. ). During the 1980s blues also continued in both traditional and new forms. Muddy Waters and Elmore James were known for their innovative use of slide electric guitar. [114], In the 1980s and 1990s, blues publications such as Living Blues and Blues Revue were launched, major cities began forming blues societies, outdoor blues festivals became more common, and[115] more nightclubs and venues for blues emerged. The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common. Spirituals or religious chants in the African-American community are much better documented than the "low-down" blues. Ted Nugent often performs "Soul Man" in his live shows, as did Prince during his 2004 Musicology tour. While popular musicians like Bo Diddley[88] and Chuck Berry,[94] both recording for Chess, were influenced by the Chicago blues, their enthusiastic playing styles departed from the melancholy aspects of blues. ; Godrich, John (1970). In the 1930s, Lomax and his son Alan made a large number of non-commercial blues recordings that testify to the huge variety of proto-blues styles, such as field hollers and ring shouts. When Jerry Lee Lewis returned to country after the decline of 1950s style rock and roll, he sang his country with a blues feel and often included blues standards on his albums. [64], The origins of the blues are closely related to the religious music of Afro-American community, the spirituals. [60] The style also was closely related to ragtime, which developed at about the same time, though the blues better preserved "the original melodic patterns of African music". [36] The first noncommercial recordings of blues music, termed proto-blues by Paul Oliver, were made by Odum for research purposes at the very beginning of the 20th century. His album Alabama Blues contained a song with the following lyric: I never will go back to Alabama, that is not the place for me (2x) Charles Peabody mentioned the appearance of blues music at Clarksdale, Mississippi, and Gate Thomas reported similar songs in southern Texas around 1901–1902. [51][52] Additionally, there are theories that the four-beats-per-measure structure of the blues might have its origins in the Native American tradition of pow wow drumming. [75] Classic female urban and vaudeville blues singers were popular in the 1920s, among them "the big three"—Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, Bessie Smith, and Lucille Bogan. Idiosyncratic numbers of bars are occasionally used, such as the 9-bar progression in "Sitting on Top of the World", by Walter Vinson. He asked several famous directors such as Clint Eastwood and Wim Wenders to participate in a series of documentary films for PBS called The Blues. The film earned Mahal a Grammy nomination for Best Original Score Written for a Motion Picture and a BAFTA nomination. Carr accompanied himself on the piano with Scrapper Blackwell on guitar, a format that continued well into the 1950s with artists such as Charles Brown and even Nat "King" Cole.[69]. The "territory bands" operating out of Kansas City, the Bennie Moten orchestra, Jay McShann, and the Count Basie Orchestra were also concentrating on the blues, with 12-bar blues instrumentals such as Basie's "One O'Clock Jump" and "Jumpin' at the Woodside" and boisterous "blues shouting" by Jimmy Rushing on songs such as "Going to Chicago" and "Sent for You Yesterday". Habits Old and New was Williams' third full-length album in a fourteen-month span, following Family Tradition and Whiskey Bent and Hell Bound that were released in April and November 1979. Shuffle rhythm is often vocalized as "dow, da dow, da dow, da" or "dump, da dump, da dump, da":[31] it consists of uneven, or "swung", eighth notes. “My name’s a reminder of a blues man that’s already gone,” he once sang. [92] After Phillips discovered Elvis Presley in 1954, the Sun label turned to the rapidly expanding white audience and started recording mostly rock 'n' roll.[93]. Records. Blues shuffles or walking bass reinforce the trance-like rhythm and call-and-response, and they form a repetitive effect called a groove. Pianist Memphis Slim began his career in Memphis, but his distinct style was smoother and had some swing elements. Although she admitted being unable to describe the manner of singing she heard, Forten wrote that the songs "can't be sung without a full heart and a troubled spirit", conditions that have inspired countless blues songs.[9]. B. The Blues Man song meanings Add your thoughts 1 Comment. Howlin' Wolf, Muddy Waters, Willie Dixon and Jimmy Reed were all born in Mississippi and moved to Chicago during the Great Migration. For instance, for a blues in the key of C, C is the tonic chord (I) and F is the subdominant (IV). The "Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé" provides this etymology of. In the UK, bands emulated U.S. blues legends, and UK blues rock-based bands had an influential role throughout the 1960s.[105]. Robert William Gary Moore (4 April 1952 – 6 February 2011) was a Northern Irish musician and singer-songwriter. [129] Almost 30 years later, Mahal wrote blues for, and performed a banjo composition, claw-hammer style, in the 2001 movie release Songcatcher, which focused on the story of the preservation of the roots music of Appalachia. [21] Reverend Gary Davis[22] and Blind Willie Johnson[23] are examples of artists often categorized as blues musicians for their music, although their lyrics clearly belong to spirituals. [79] These blueswomen's contributions to the genre included "increased improvisation on melodic lines, unusual phrasing which altered the emphasis and impact of the lyrics, and vocal dramatics using shouts, groans, moans, and wails. Blues forms are used in the theme to the televised Batman, teen idol Fabian Forte's hit, "Turn Me Loose", country music star Jimmie Rodgers' music, and guitarist/vocalist Tracy Chapman's hit "Give Me One Reason". [69] The first blues recordings from the 1920s are categorized as a traditional, rural country blues and a more polished city or urban blues. Rockabillies were also said to be 12-bar blues played with a bluegrass beat. Its influence on popular singing has been so widespread that, at least among males, singing and emoting have become almost identical—it is a matter of projection rather than hitting the notes.". It was released as a single after Hank, Sr.'s death in January 1953 and spent fourteen weeks at number 1 on the Billboard country singles chart. Randall Hank Williams was born in Shreveport, Louisiana on May 26, 1949. That blue notes predate their use in blues and have an African origin is attested to by "A Negro Love Song", by the English composer Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, from his African Suite for Piano, written in 1898, which contains blue third and seventh notes. In 1986 the album Strong Persuader announced Robert Cray as a major blues artist. Kunzler's dictionary of jazz provides two separate entries: "blues", and the "blues form", a widespread musical form (p. 131). [99][100] Expressive guitar solos were a key feature of this music. B. Lenoir from the Chicago blues movement in the 1950s recorded several LPs using acoustic guitar, sometimes accompanied by Willie Dixon on the acoustic bass or drums. In addition to Robert Johnson, influential performers of this style included his predecessors Charley Patton and Son House. So I started drinking. Before World War II, Tampa Red was sometimes referred to as "the Guitar Wizard". Brown played the part of the young James in the documentary. This page was last edited on 1 December 2020, at 15:32. Boogie-woogie was another important style of 1930s and early 1940s urban blues. 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